Literature
- Bouillon, J. 1999. Hydromedusae. In: D. Boltovskoy (ed.), South Atlantic Zooplankton, Vol. 1. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, The Netherlands, pp. 385-465.
- Fraser, J.H. 1972. The distribution of the Medusae in the Scottish area. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (B) 74(1): 1-25.
- Kramp, P.L. 1959. The hydromedusae of the Atlantic Ocean and adjacent waters. Dana Report 46: 1-283; 2 plates, 335 text figures.
- Russell, F.S. 1950a. Hydromedusae. Family: Tubulariidae (contd.); Family: Margelopsidae. Fiches d'Identification du Zooplancton, 28 (1950). Conseil International pour l'Exploration de la Mer, Kopenhagen.
- Russell, F.S. 1953a. The medusae of the British Isles. Anthomedusae, Leptomedusae, Limnomedusae, Trachymedusae, and Narcomedusae. Cambridge University Press, 530 pp. 319 figures, 35 plates.