Literature
- Muus, B.J. 1959. Skallus, Søtaender, Blaeksprutter. Danmarks Fauna, Band 65. 239 pages, 117 figs. Gads Forlag, København.
- Muus, B.J. 1963e. Cephalopoda. Order: Octopoda, Sub-order: Cirromorpha, Families Cirrotheutidae, Stauroteuthidae, Opistoteuthidae; Sub-order: Incirrata, Family Octopodidae. Fiches d'Identification du Zooplancton, 95 (1963). Conseil International pour l'Exploration de la Mer, Kopenhagen.
- Sweeney, M.J., F.E.R. Roper, K.M. Mangold, M.R. Clarke and S. v. Boletzky (editors) 1992. "Larval" and juvenile cephalopods: a manual for their identification. Smith. Contr. Zool., 513: 1-282.